Perceptions of a water-based exercise programme to improve physical function and falls risk in older adults with lower extremity osteoarthritis: Barriers, motivators and sustainability

Abstract

Falls are a major concern in the older adult population of New Zealand. While several land-based falls prevention programmes exist, these may be inappropriate for individuals with lower extremity osteoarthritis. This paper presents participants’ perceptions of a mixed methods study that investigated the effects of a twelve week aqua-aerobics programme on falls risk and physical function in older adults with lower extremity osteoarthritis. Seventeen participants (four males and thirteen females) with an average age of 78 years (range 68–89 years) attended focus group interviews. Perceived benefits included an improvement in mobility, breathing, pain levels, balance and a reduction in falls. Key to sustaining participation adherence was a motivating instructor, commitment to a structured programme and valued companionship. The findings of this study, including insight into motivating this population to attend, should be considered by providers and potential participants of water-based exercise classes alike, to aid in creating sustainable programmes. Strong positive feedback as well as constructive criticism from participants provided the basis of recommendations which may be used to create an optimal programme to promote long-term participation, guiding those planning to implement water-based programmes.